Some important physical phenomena such as nonsequential double ionization [1], above-threshold ionization, and high-order harmonic generation are caused by electron recollision within one optical cycle. When molecules are used as a sample, alignment and orientation dependence in these phenomena is always a matter of central concern. We therefore anticipate our competitors in developing “electronic stereodynamics in molecules” [2] by using an aligned/oriented molecular sample or by using our recently developed COincidence Velocity-map Imaging Spectrometer (COVIS) for photoelectrons and fragment ions [3]. With the COVIS apparatus, we can observe alignment/orientation dependence in the above phenomena even with a sample of randomly oriented molecules. 

 

[1]     Hirofumi Sakai, Jakob Juul Larsen, Ida Wendt-Larsen, Johannes Olesen, Paul B. Corkum, and Henrik Stapelfeldt, “Nonsequential double ionization of D2 molecules with intense 20 fs pulses,” Phys. Rev. A 67, 063404 (2003).

[2]     D. Herschbach, “Chemical stereodynamics: retrospect and prospect,” Eur. Phys. J. D 38, 3 (2006).

[3]     Yusuke Sakemi, Shinichirou Minemoto, and Hirofumi Sakai, “Orientation dependence in multichannel dissociative ionization of OCS molecules,” Phys. Rev. A 96, 011401 (R) (2017).

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